IiPropati zeMechanical zeNtsimbi

1. Inqaku lesivuno

Xa intsimbi okanye isampuli isoluliwe, xa uxinzelelo ludlula umda we-elastic, nangona uxinzelelo alunyuki, intsimbi okanye isampuli iyaqhubeka ingena kwi-deformation yeplastiki ecacileyo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-hovering, kunye nexabiso elincinci loxinzelelo xa kwenzeka into evelisayo. yeyenqaku lesivuno.Vumela i-Ps ibe ngamandla angaphandle kwinqanaba lesivuno s, kwaye i-Fo ibe yindawo enqamlezileyo yesampuli, emva koko inqaku lesivuno σs = Ps / Fo (MPa)..

2. Ukuvelisa amandla

Indawo yokuvunwa kwezinye izinto zetsimbi ayibonakali ngokugqithisileyo kwaye kunzima ukuyilinganisa.Ngoko ke, ukwenzela ukulinganisa iimpawu zesivuno sezinto eziphathekayo, uxinzelelo xa i-deformation yeplastiki ehlala isigxina ilingana nexabiso elithile (ngokuqhelekileyo i-0.2% yobude bokuqala) icacisiwe.ngamandla emveliso anemiqathango okanye ngokulula ukukhupha amandla σ0.2.

3. Amandla okuqina

Ixabiso eliphezulu loxinzelelo olufikelelwe yizinto eziphathekayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokwelula, ukusuka ekuqalisweni ukuya kwi-fracture.Ivakalisa ukukwazi kwentsimbi ukuxhathisa ukuphuka.Ngokuhambelana namandla okuqina, kukho amandla acinezelayo, amandla okuguquguquka, njl.njl. Vumela i-Pb ibe yeyona nto iphezulu yokuqina ezuziweyo phambi kokuba imathiriyeli itsalwe.

amandla, i-Fo yindawo enqamlezileyo yesampulu, emva koko amandla okuqina σb = Pb/Fo (MPa).

4. Ubude

Emva kokuba imathiriyeli yaphukile, ipesenti yobude bayo beplastiki yobude ukuya kubude besampulu yokuqala ibizwa ngokuba ngubude okanye ulwandiso.

5. Umlinganiselo wamandla esivuno

Umlinganiselo wenqaku lesivuno (amandla esivuno) wentsimbi ukuya kumandla okuqina ubizwa ngokuba ngumlinganiselo wesivuno-amandla.Umlinganiselo omkhulu wesivuno, uphezulu ukuthembeka kweendawo zesakhiwo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, umlinganiselo wesivuno se-carbon steel yi-06-0.65, kwaye i-alloy ephantsi yesakhiwo sensimbi yi-065-0.75, kunye ne-alloy structural steel yi-0.84-0.86.

6. Ukuqina

Ubunzima bubonisa ukukwazi kwesixhobo ukuxhathisa ukucinezelwa kwento enzima kumphezulu wayo.Ngenye yezibonakaliso ezibalulekileyo zokusebenza kwezinto zetsimbi.Ngokubanzi, okukhona ukuqina kokuqina, kokukhona ukuxhathisa ukunxiba bhetele.Izalathi zokuqina eziqhele ukusetyenziswa bubulukhuni beBrinell, ukuqina kweRockwell kunye nobulukhuni beVickers.